During systole, contraction of cardiomyocytes induces myocardial normal strains including longitudinal and circumferential shortening and radial thickening. 11 As a result of the helical orientation of myofibers, 12,13 contraction also induces shear strains within the myocardium. 14 Left ventricular (LV) systolic torsional deformation, one component of shear strains, is one mechanism by which ... Figure 3.1.Geometry of hydraulic bulge test (Marandi et al., 2017).Here a is the distance between die and middle of the sheet, t is the top thickness of the bulge dome, t 0 is the initial sheet thickness of the sheet, h is the height of the bulge, R is the radius of curvature, and r is the corner radius of the die.
Irritation as defined in this paper is the subjectively perceived emotional and cognitive strain in occupational contexts. The structural equivalence of the Arabic, Dutch, English, French, Italian, Russian, Spanish, Turkish, and Polish adaptations of the German Irritation Scale is examined.